Frequently-Cited Treaties and Other International Instruments

Last Updated 10/2009. Direct feedback on this page to lawlib@umn.edu.

Introduction

As an aid to law review citation-checking, the following is a list of treaties frequently cited in law review articles, along with available sources of hard copy. In addition, wherever possible, the entries are linked to the EISIL database of the American Society of International Law. EISIL provides additional citation information, explanatory material, and a link to the text of the treaty. Courtesy of HeinOnline, links to full-text documents from the HeinOnline Treaties and Agreements Library are also provided whenever possible. (Access is limited to U of Minnesota users.)

At the end of this list you will find Abbreviations and Sources, an explanation of the abbreviations used for publications cited. For a longer list of treaty citations, see the New York University Journal of International Law and Politics Guide to Foreign and International Legal Citations.

Table of Contents (List of Treaties)

The list is divided by topic:

General International Law Trade and Economic Law

Human Rights Law Criminal Law

Environmental Law Intellectual Property

European Union Abbreviations and Sources

International Trade & Economic Law

Note: The US did not adopt the 1994 WTO/Marrakesh agreements as treaties; thus, there is no US citation for these documents.

Agreement on Agriculture , Apr. 15, 1994, Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization, Annex 1A, 1867 U.N.T.S. 410 [no I.L.M. citation]

Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights , Apr. 15, 1994, Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization, Annex 1C, 1869 U.N.T.S. 299; 33 I.L.M. 1197(1994)

Final Act Embodying the Results of the Uruguay Round of Multilateral Trade Negotiations , Apr. 15, 1994, 1867 U.N.T.S. 14; 33 I.L.M. 1143(1994)

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade , Oct. 30, 1947, 55 U.N.T.S. 194; 61 Stat. pt. 5; T.I.A.S. No. 1700

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994 , Apr. 15, 1994, Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization, Annex 1A, 1867 U.N.T.S. 187; 33 I.L.M. 1153(1994)

General Agreement on Trade in Services , Apr. 15, 1994, Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization, Annex 1B, 1869 U.N.T.S. 183;33 I.L.M. 1167(1994)

Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization ,Apr. 15, 1994, 1867 U.N.T.S. 154;33 I.L.M. 1144 (1994)

North American Free Trade Agreement, Dec. 17, 1992,32 I.L.M. 289, 605(1993)

Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes , Apr. 15, 1994, Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization, Annex 2, 1869 U.N.T.S. 401; 33 I.L.M. 1226(1994)

United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods , Apr. 11, 1980, U.N. Doc. A/CONF.97/18 (1980); 19 I.L.M. 668(1980); 1489 U.N.T.S. 3, 59;S. Treaty Doc. 98-9(1983)

World Trade Organization, Ministerial Declaration [Doha Declaration], Nov. 14, 2001, WT/MIN(01)/DEC/1; 41 I.L.M. 746(2002)

WTO Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures , Apr. 15, 1994, 1867 U.N.T.S. 493 [no I.L.M. citation]

Human Rights

African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights, June 27, 1981, 1520 U.N.T.S. 217, 245; 21 I.L.M. 58,59 (1982)

American Convention on Human Rights, Nov. 21, 1969, O.A.S. T.S. No. 36; 1144 U.N.T.S. 143; S. Treaty Doc. No. 95-21, 9 I.L.M. 99(1969)

American Declaration on the Rights and Duties of Man, Res. XXX, Final Act of the Ninth International Conference of American States (Pan American Union), Bogota, Colombia, Mar. 30-May 2, 1948, at 38; reprinted in Handbook of Existing Rules Pertaining to Human Rights, OEA/Ser.L/V/II.23 Doc. 21 Rev. 6, at 5 (1979); 1 Annals of the O.A.S. 130 (1949); Basic Documents Pertaining to Human Rights in the Inter-American System, OAS/Ser.L/V/I.4 Rev. 9 (2003); and 43 Am. J. Int'l L. Supp. 133 (1949)

Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, Dec. 10, 1984, 1465 U.N.T.S. 85, 113; S. Treaty Doc. No. 100-20(1988);23 I.L.M. 1027(1984) [ILM version is a draft, virtually identical]

Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, Nov. 4, 1950, Europ.T.S. No. 5; 213 U.N.T.S. 221

Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women , Dec. 18, 1979, 1249 U.N.T.S. 13; 19 I.L.M. 33(1980)

Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide , Dec. 9, 1948, 78 U.N.T.S. 277, 102 Stat. 3045

Convention on the Rights of the Child , Nov. 20, 1989, 1577 U.N.T.S. 3; 28 I.L.M. 1456(1989)

Convention relating to the Status of Refugees, July 28, 1951, 189 U.N.T.S. 150; Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees, Jan. 31, 1967, 606 U.N.T.S. 267; 19 U.S.T. 6223

European Social Charter, Oct. 18, 1961, 529 U.N.T.S. 89; Europ. T.S. No. 35

International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination , Dec. 21, 1965, S. Exec. Doc. C, 95-2 (1978); S. Treaty Doc. 95-18; 660 U.N.T.S. 195, 212

International Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Rights and Dignity of Persons with Disabilities, G.A. res. 61/106, Annex I, U.N. GAOR, 61^st Sess., Supp. No. 49, at 65, U.N. Doc. A/61/49 (Dec. 13, 2006), 46 I.L.M. 443.

International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance, G.A. res. A/61/177 (2006), reprinted in 14 Int'l. Hum. Rts. Rep. 582 (2007).

International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of their Families, New York, Dec. 18, 1990, entered into force July 1, 2003, 2220 U.N.T.S. 93, 30 I.L.M. 1517 (1991).

International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights , Dec. 16, 1966, 999 U.N.T.S. 171; S. Exec. Doc. E, 95-2 (1978); S. Treaty Doc. No. 95-20, 6 I.L.M. 368 (1967)

International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights , Dec. 16, 1966, 993 U.N.T.S. 3; S. Exec. Doc. D, 95-2 (1978); S. Treaty Doc. No. 95-19, 6 I.L.M. 360 (1967)

United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, G.A. Res. 61/295, U.N. Doc. A/RES/61/295 (Sept. 13, 2007), 46 I.L.M. 1013 (2007)

Universal Declaration of Human Rights , G.A. Res. 217A (III), U.N. Doc. A/810 at 71 (1948)

International Criminal Law

Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded and Sick in Armed Forces in the Field, Aug. 12, 1949, 6 U.S.T. 3114; 75 U.N.T.S. 31

Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of Wounded, Sick and Shipwrecked Members of Armed Forces at Sea, Aug. 12, 1949, 6 U.S.T. 3217; 75 U.N.T.S. 85

Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Civil Aviation , Sept. 23, 1971, 974 U.N.T.S. 177; 24 U.S.T. 564; 10 I.L.M. 1151 (1971)

Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, Dec. 9, 1948, 78 U.N.T.S. 277; 102 Stat. 3045

Geneva Convention Relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War, Aug. 12, 1949, 6 U.S.T. 3516; 75 U.N.T.S. 287

Geneva Convention Relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War, Aug. 12, 1949, 6 U.S.T. 3316; 75 U.N.T.S. 135

International Convention against the Taking of Hostages , Dec. 17, 1979, 1316 U.N.T.S. 205, T.I.A.S. No. 11081, 18 I.L.M. 1456 (1979)

International Convention for the Suppression of Terrorist Bombings , Dec. 15, 1997, U.N. Doc. A/RES/52/164; 37 I.L.M. 249 (1998)

International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism, Dec. 9, 1999, U.N. Doc. A/RES/54/109; 39 I.L.M. 270 (2000)

Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and Relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts (Protocol I), June 8, 1977, 1125 U.N.T.S. 3

Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and Relating to the Protection of Victims of Non-International Armed Conflicts (Protocol II), June 8, 1977, 1125 U.N.T.S. 609; 26 I.L.M. 568 (1987); S. Treaty Doc. No. 100-2 (1987)

Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court , 2187 U.N.T.S. 90; 37 I.L.M. 1002 (1998)

International Environmental Law

Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal , Mar. 22, 1989, 1673 U.N.T.S. 125; 28 I.L.M. 657 (1989)

Convention for the Prevention of Marine Pollution from Land-Based Sources , June 4, 1974, 1546 U.N.T.S. 119; 13 I.L.M. 352 (1974)

Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer , Mar. 22, 1985, T.I.A.S. No. 11,097; 1513 U.N.T.S. 293, 324; 26 I.L.M. 1529 (1987)

Convention on Biological Diversity , June 5, 1992, 1760 U.N.T.S. 79, 143; 31 I.L.M. 818 (1992)

Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora , Mar. 3, 1973, 27 U.S.T. 1087, 993 U.N.T.S. 243; 12 I.L.M. 1085 (1973)

Convention on Nuclear Safety , June 17, 1994, 1963 U.N.T.S. 293, 317; S. Treaty Doc. No. 104-6 (1995); 33 I.L.M. 1514 (1994)

International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships , Nov. 2, 1973, 1340 U.N.T.S. 61; 12 I.L.M. 1319 (1973)

Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change , Dec. 10, 1997, U.N. Doc FCCC/CP/1997/7/Add.1, 37 I.L.M. 22 (1998)

Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants , May 22, 2001, 40 I.L.M. 532 (2001)

United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea , Dec. 10, 1982, 1833 U.N.T.S. 3, 397; 21 I.L.M. 1261 (1982)

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change , May 9, 1982, 1771 U.N.T.S. 107, 165; S. Treaty Doc No. 102-38 (1992); U.N. Doc. A/AC.237/18 (Part II)/Add.1; 31 I.L.M. 849 (1992)

Intellectual Property

Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights, Apr. 15, 1994, Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization, Annex 1C, 1869 U.N.T.S. 299; 33 I.L.M. 1197 (1994)

Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works, September 9, 1886, as revised at Stockholm on July 14, 1967, 828 U.N.T.S. 222

Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works, September 9, 1886, as last revised at Paris on July 24, 1971, 1161 U.N.T.S. 30

Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works , Sept. 9, 1886, as revised at Paris on July 24, 1971 and amended in 1979, S. Treaty Doc. No. 99-27 (1986) [The 1979 amended version does not appear in U.N.T.S. or I.L.M.]

Declaration on the TRIPS Agreement and Public Health, Nov. 14, 2001, WT/MIN(01)/DEC/2

Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property, as last revised at the Stockholm Revision Conference , July 14, 1967, 21 U.S.T. 1583; 828 U.N.T.S. 303

Patent Cooperation Treaty , June 19, 1970, 28 U.S.T. 7645; 1160 U.N.T.S. 231; 9 I.L.M. 978 (1970)

WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty , Dec. 20, 1996, S. Treaty Doc. No. 105-17 (1997); 36 I.L.M. 76 (1997)

WIPO Copyright Treaty , Dec. 20, 1996, S. Treaty Doc. No. 105-17 (1997); 36 I.L.M. 65 (1997)

European Union

Consolidated Versions of the Treaty on European Union and of the Treaty Establishing the European Community (2002), 2002 O.J. (C 325) 1

Treaty of Amsterdam Amending the Treaty on European Union, the Treaties Establishing the European Communities and Certain Related Acts, Oct. 2, 1997, 1997 O.J. (C340) 1; 37 I.L.M. 56 (1998)

Treaty of Nice Amending the Treaty on European Union, the Treaties Establishing the European Communities and Certain Related Acts , Feb. 26, 2001, 2001 O.J. (C80) 1

Treaty on European Union [TEU, Maastricht Treaty], Feb. 7, 1992, 1992 O.J. (C191) 1; 31 I.L.M. 253 (1992)

Abbreviations & Sources

Bevans: Treaties and Other International Agreements of the United States of America, 1776-1949. [PDF versions of Bevans documents are available in HeinOnline .]

E.T.S.: European Treaty Series.

I.L.M.: International Legal Materials. The page number given is the page on which the treaty begins. [PDF versions of I.L.M. documents are available in HeinOnline .]

O.A.S. T.S. Organization of American States Treaty Series.

O.J.: The Official Journal of the European Union [English-language version].

S. Exec. Doc.: Senate Executive Documents.

S. Treaty Doc.: Senate Treaty Documents.

Stat.: United States Statutes at Large.

T.S.: Treaty Series.

T.I.A.S.: Treaties and Other International Acts Series. [PDF versions of T.I.A.S. documents are available in HeinOnline .]

U.N.T.S.: United Nations Treaty Series. The first page number given is for the title page of the treaty. If the English-language version does not follow immediately after the title page, the second page number is for the English-language version. [TIFF versions of U.N.T.S. documents are available in the U.N. Treaty Collection .]

U.S.T.: United States Treaties series. [PDF versions of U.S.T. documents are available in HeinOnline .]